Climate and Temperature: Peas thrive in a temperate climate with moderate temperatures, ideally between 15°C and 25°C.

Water Demand: Peas require adequate moisture during their growing season. Irrigation should be considered if rainfall is insufficient.

Soil: Loamy and light loamy soils are most suitable for growing peas, providing good drainage and fertility.

Field Preparation: The field should be prepared through the following steps.

Initial plowing should be performed with a moldboard plow.
Follow up with 2-3 additional plowings using a traditional plow or cultivator to ensure a fine seedbed.

Recommended Varieties: Here are some recommended pea varieties, including their yield potential and suitable regions:

S.No	Variety	Yield (q/ha)	Maturity Duration (days)	Suitable Area	Characteristics
1	Rachna	20-25	130-135	Entire U.P.	Tall plants, resistant to white pod blight
2	Indra (K.P.M.R.-400)	30-32	125-130	Bundelkhand, Central U.P.	Dwarf plants, white round pods, resistant
3	Shikha (K.F.P.D.-103)	25-30	125-130	Everywhere	Tall plants, white round seeds
4	Malviya Pea 2	20-25	125-130	Eastern U.P.	Tall plants, white round seeds, resistant to leaf curl
5	Malviya Pea 15	22-25	120-125	Entire U.P.	Medium dwarf plants, white pods, resistant to blight
6	J.P.-885	20-25	130-135	For Bundelkhand	-
7	Pusa Prabhat (D.D.R.-23)	15-18	100-105	Eastern U.P.	Resistant to pod blight
8	Pant Pea 5	20-25	130-135	Plains area	Tall plants, light green, resistant to pod blight
9	Aadarsh (I.P.F 99-15)	23-25	130-135	For Bundelkhand	Long, white, resistant to pod blight
10	Vikas (I.P.F.D 99-13)	22-25	100-105	Everywhere	Dwarf, white, resistant to pod blight
11	Jay (K.P.M.R. 522)	32-35	125-130	Western U.P.	Dwarf, white, resistant to pod blight
12	Sapna (K.P.M.R. 144-1)	30-32	125-130	Entire U.P.	Dwarf, white, resistant to pod blight
13	Prakash	28-32	110-115	Bundelkhand	Dwarf, white, resistant to pod blight
14	Hariyal	26-30	120-125	Western U.P.	Dwarf, green round seeds, resistant to white pod blight
15	Palathi Pea	22-30	125-130	Eastern U.P.	Tall plants, round seeds, resistant to white pod blight and blight
16	I.P.F.D. 10-12	25-30	106-109	Bundelkhand	Green color
17	Pant P-42	24-25	130-140	Western U.P.	-
18	Aman (2009)	28-30	120-125	Western U.P.	Tall

Seed Quantity

For tall varieties: 80-100 kg/ha
For dwarf varieties: 125 kg/ha

Seed Treatment: To enhance growth and protect against diseases, treat seeds with rhizobium and leguminous culture.

Sowing of Crops: Sowing should occur from mid-October to mid-November, with spacing of 20 cm for dwarf varieties and 30 cm for tall varieties. Sowing can be done using a zero-till drill.

Seed Certification: To prevent seed-borne diseases, treat seeds with:

2 grams of Thiram
3 grams of Mancozeb
4 grams of Trichoderma, or a combination of 2 grams of Thiram and 1 gram of Carbendazim per kilogram of seed.

Additionally, use one packet (200 grams) of rhizobium culture to treat 10 kg of seeds. Always use PSB culture.

Fertilizers: Recommended fertilizer application per hectare:

Nitrogen: 20 kg
Phosphorus: 60 kg
Potassium: 40 kg
Sulfur: 20 kg
Molybdenum: 1 kg
Cow dung manure: 60 q

For dwarf varieties, add an additional 20 kg of nitrogen at sowing.

Irrigation: If there is insufficient rainfall during winter, provide one irrigation at flowering time and a second irrigation during pod filling. Sprinkler irrigation is particularly beneficial in Bundelkhand.

Water Management: Manage water carefully to prevent waterlogging and ensure adequate drainage.

Weed Management: Implement strategies to control weeds during the crop cycle, using both manual and chemical methods as needed.

Harvesting: Harvesting should be done when pods are mature but still tender to ensure quality.

Diseases and Disease Prevention: Monitor for common pea diseases and implement preventive measures, including seed treatment and proper crop rotation.

Peas

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