Climate / Temperature: The ideal temperature for Gram cultivation is generally between 20-25 degrees Celsius.
Water Demand: Grams require irrigation, particularly during the flowering and pod-setting stages.
Soil: Grams thrive best in loamy or heavy loam soils, as well as in clay and sandy soils where proper drainage is ensured.
The field should be prepared by plowing to a depth of 6 inches using a moldboard plow. This should be followed by two additional plowings with a traditional plow or cultivator, and the field should be leveled afterward.
Major Varieties: There are several major varieties of grams, including:
Suitable Time of Sowing: Rainfed conditions, grams should be sown by the second or third week of October. In irrigated conditions, sowing can be done by the second week of November, while late sowing is possible until the first week of December.
Crop Sowing: Sowing should be done at a depth of 6-8 cm using a seed drill.
Crop Cycle: After harvesting grams, summer crops can be selected for the next planting season.
Water Management: The first irrigation should be applied 45-60 days after sowing (before flowering), and the second irrigation should occur during pod formation.
Weed Management: To control weeds, a dosage of 2.2 liters of 45% E.C. Fluchloralin per hectare can be applied.
Harvesting: Harvesting should be carried out once the pods have matured, followed by threshing.
Diseases & Disease Prevention: The main diseases affecting grams are root rot and wilt. To prevent root rot, it is essential to treat the seeds and sow them at the appropriate time.
